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Page 32

AP Chem Lab Notebook 9. Molar Volume of a Gas

Started slowing down as magnesium disappeared. Some HCl went out the stopper. Some bubbles stuck to the side of the tube and to the string. Magnesium eventually disappeared. Calculations: Number of moles of magnesium0.04/24.30 = 0.00165 moles of hydrog...

Page 33

AP Chem Lab Notebook 9. Molar Volume of a Gas

The formula for the Mg HCl reaction is Mg+2HCl->H2+MgCl2. Since the moles of Mg equal the moles of H2 in the equation, the moles are the same. We needed to adjust for water-vapor pressure because the water will evaporate to some degree during the experiment, m...

10. Additivity of Heats: Hess's Law

AP Chem Lab Notebook

Page 34

AP Chem Lab Notebook 10. Additivity of Heats: Hess's Law

Partners: Jeff Somvorachith, Connor Engels 10. Additivity of Heats of Reaction: Hess's Law Purpose: To practice applying Hess's Law using a coffee cup calorimeter and confirming that the heat of one reaction should be equal to the sum of the heats for the o...

Page 35

AP Chem Lab Notebook 10. Additivity of Heats: Hess's Law

8. Rinse and dry the temperature probe, cup, and stirring rod. Dispose of the solution as directed. 9. Repeat steps 4-8, using 100.0mL of 0.5M hydrochloric acid instead of water. Use the same amount of NaOH. 10. Repeat steps 4-8, instead using 50.0mL of 1.0M...

Page 36

AP Chem Lab Notebook 10. Additivity of Heats: Hess's Law

ΔHR1= -1.875 kJ ΔHR2= -4.678 kJ ΔHR3= -2.865 kJ molR1=2.00/(22.99+16.00+1.008)= 0.05 mol molR2=2.00/(22.99+16.00+1.008)= 0.05 mol molR3=1.0*50.1000= 0.05 mol ΔH/molR1=-1.875/0.05= -37.5 kJ/mol ΔH/molR2=-4.678/0.05= -93.6 kJ/mol ΔH/molR3=-2.865/0.05...

Page 37

AP Chem Lab Notebook 10. Additivity of Heats: Hess's Law

We ended up with a 1.28% error, meaning some heat was probably lost, though it was close. This error could stem from inaccurate measuring of the NaOH or HCl, but it is more likely from losing heat to the Styrofoam cup or the atmosphere. If I were to do this la...

11. Molecular Mass Determination Using Boiling and Freezing Point

AP Chem Lab Notebook

Page 38

AP Chem Lab Notebook 11. Molecular Mass Determination Using ...

Partners: Jeff Somvorachith 11. Molecular Mass Determination Using Boiling and Freezing Point Purpose:  To practice calculating the molecular mass of solutes by comparing boiling and freezing point of two solutes with known concentrations. Procedure: A.  ...

Page 39

AP Chem Lab Notebook 11. Molecular Mass Determination Using ...

Data: Solution BP(oC) ΔBP(oC) FP(oC) ΔFP(oC) H2O 98.5 XXXXX 0 XXXXX C6H12O6 102.0 3.50 -2.00 2.00 KNO3 100.5 2.00 -3.50 3.50 Analysis: Solution avg Molality(m) avg experimental molar mass(g/mol) actual...

Page 40

AP Chem Lab Notebook 11. Molecular Mass Determination Using ...

Values: Solution BP(oC) ΔBP(oC) FP(oC) ΔFP(oC) mF(m) mB(m) H20 98.5 xxxxx 0 xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx C6H12O6 102 3.50 -2.00 2.00 1.08 6.80 KNO3 100.5 2.00 -3.50 3.50 0.950 1.94 Solution exp g/mol (F) ex...

Page 41

AP Chem Lab Notebook 11. Molecular Mass Determination Using ...

bond with the water. CaCl2 is more effective than NaCl because it produces more ions when dissolved per mole, leading to a larger decrease in the freezing point. If I were to do this lab again, I would measure out the solution more accurately and insulate the ...

12. Equilibrium and LeChatlier's Principle

AP Chem Lab Notebook

Page 42

AP Chem Lab Notebook 12. Equilibrium and LeChatlier's Principle

5/8/25 Partner: Jeff Somvorachith Lab 12. Equilibrium and Le Chatlier's Principle Purpose: To investigate Le Chatlier's Principle and how it relates to equilibrium/how equilibrium shifts. Procedure: Thoroughly rinse and dry a 50mL beaker with a pap...

Page 43

AP Chem Lab Notebook 12. Equilibrium and LeChatlier's Principle

C.To a third test tube, add 25 drops of acetone until a permanent color change occurs. Record observations.D.To a fourth test tube, add 5 drops of silver nitrate, AgNO3, one at a time. Gently swirl to mix. Record observations. 8. To the solution remaining in ...

Page 44

AP Chem Lab Notebook 12. Equilibrium and LeChatlier's Principle

Conclusion: Net-ionic equation for the equilibrium: (pink complex) Co(H2O)62+(aq) + 4Cl-(aq) ↔ CoCl42-(aq) + 6H2)(l) (blue complex) The pink cobalt complex was favored when adding water because the increase in water shifted the equilibrium to the left...

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